Material Property

Bird (SPH)

LE Structure

(Al 2024)

GF-SMP

Layer

Young’s Modulus GPa)

-

72.4

15.0

Shear Modulus (GPa)

-

28.0

5.0

Bulk Modulus (MPa)

2200.0

-

-

Density (kg/m³)

930 - 950

2785.0

2000.0

Poisson’s Ratio

-

0.33

0.35

Yield Stress (MPa)

-

277.0

245.0

Tensile Failure Strain

-

15%

2.22%