Variables

The Western pattern

P

Value

The grains-vegetables, and fruits pattern

P

Value

T1

T2

T3

T1

T2

T3

Age (years)

Mean ± SD

50.45 ± 10.73

49.59 ± 10.44

47.16 ± 11.44

0.001

46.91 ± 11.2

49.98 ± 10.6

50.34 ± 9.87

0.008

Gender %

Males

29.3

35.6

35.1

0.322

35.7

33.8

30.5

0.057

Females

36.4

31.6

32.0

31.5

33.0

35.5

Marital status %

Married

33.3

33.3

33.3

0.299

33.2

33.2

33.6

0.927

Unmarried

33.3

33.3

33.3

38.5

38.5

23.0

Educational level %

Low education

28.8

34.4

36.8

0.106

37.0

35.2

27.8

0.001

High education

37.0

32.4

30.6

30.3

31.8

37.9

Employment history %

Yes

28.1

30.3

41.6

0.799

44.0

28.5

27.5

0.510

Family size %

Less than five

33.1

36.2

30.7

0.316

33.3

31.0

35.7

0.004

Five or more

33.4

31.9

34.7

33.3

34.6

32.1

Monthly income (NIS) %

≤2000 (NIS)

32.0

34.0

34.0

0.027

33.6

33.2

33.2

0.001

>2000 (NIS)

40.2

29.9

29.9

31.4

34.3

34.3

Enough income %

Yes

33.7

34.9

31.4

0.001

37.2

31.4

31.4

0.379

History of smoking %

Yes

42.3

33.8

23.9

0.030

21.2

40.8

38.0

0.902

Diabetes duration %

Less than 5 years

25.4

31.7

42.9

0.001

43.9

26.0

30.1

0.121

Five to ten years

35.2

35.2

29.6

31.2

31.8

37.0

More than 10 years

37.2

32.6

30.2

28.0

40.5

31.5

Female menopausal status %

Premenopausal

33.7

32.6

33.7

0.001

37.2

33.7

29.1

0.074

Postmenopausal

37.6

31.2

31.2

28.7

32.6

38.7

Male

29.3

35.6

35.1

35.7

33.8

30.5

Dietary supplement use %

Yes

35.0

32.3

32.7

0.051

30.8

34.6

34.6

0.617

Waist circumference (cm)

Mean ± SD

106.2 ± 17.6

105.4 ± 17.4

102.5 ± 15.9

0.001

101.9 ± 17.1

105.2 ± 17.0

106.6 ± 17.4

0.001

Body mass index (kg/m²)

Mean ± SD

30.67 ± 5.8

30.35 ± 6.2

30.11 ± 6.2

0.010

29.44 ± 6.2

30.13 ± 5.8

30.85 ± 6.1

0.007

Physical activity (Total MET)

Mean ± SD

1139.7 ± 1362

1244.0 ± 1270

1498.5 ± 1621

0.001

1487.2 ± 1567

1247.1 ± 1418

1173.0 ± 1276

0.001