Variables

T2DM

(n = 480)

Male

(n = 205)

Female

(n = 275)

P

Value

No. (100%)

No. (42.7%)

No. (57.3%)

I couldn’t seem to experience any positive feeling at all

(0)

238 (49.6)

105 (44.1)

133 (55.9)

0.879

(1)

182 (37.9)

74.0 (40.7)

108 (59.3)

(2)

47.0 (9.8)

21.0 (44.7)

26.0 (55.3)

(3)

13.0 (2.7)

5.0 (38.5)

8.0 (6105)

I found it difficult to work up the initiative to do things

(0)

236 (49.2)

103 (43.6)

133 (56.4)

0.460

(1)

192 (40.0)

76.0 (39.6)

116 (60.4)

(2)

44.0 (9.2)

23.0 (52.3)

21.0 (47.7)

(3)

8.0 (1.7)

3.0 (37.5)

5.0 (62.5)

I felt that I had nothing to look forward to

(0)

270 (56.3)

118 (43.7)

152 (56.3)

0.353

(1)

160 (33.3)

62.0 (38.8)

98.0 (61.2)

(2)

49.0 (10.2)

25.0 (51.0)

24.0 (49.0)

(3)

1.0 (0.2)

0.0 (0.0)

1.0 (100)

I felt down-hearted and blue

(0)

319 (66.5)

136 (42.6)

183 (57.4)

0.513

(1)

114 (23.8)

47.0 (41.2)

67.0 (58.8)

(2)

45.0 (9.4)

22.0 (48.9)

23.0 (51.1)

(3)

2.0 (0.4)

0.0 (0.0)

2.0 (100)

I was unable to become enthusiastic about anything

(0)

345 (71.9)

143 (41.4)

202 (58.6)

0.560

(1)

90.0 (18.8)

40.0 (44.4)

50.0 (55.6)

(2)

41.0 (8.5)

21.0 (51.2)

20.0 (48.8)

(3)

4.0 (0.8)

1.0 (25.0)

3.0 (75.0)

I felt I wasn’t worth much as a person

(0)

352 (73.3)

153 (43.5)

199 (56.5)

0.770

(1)

93.0 (19.4)

39.0 (41.9)

54.0 (58.1)

(2)

34.0 (7.1)

13.0 (38.2)

21.0 (61.8)

(3)

1.0 (0.2)

0.0 (0.0)

1.0 (100)

I felt that life was meaningless

(0)

391 (81.5)

168 (43.0)

223 (57.0)

0.910

(1)

76.0 (15.8)

31.0 (40.8)

45.0 (59.2)

(2)

13.0 (2.7)

6.0 (46.2)

7.0 (53.8)

(3)

0.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.0)

Depression scale (7-items) multiplied by two

Total scores for depression scale

Mean ± SD

6.41 ± 7.85

6.41 ± 7.89

6.41 ± 7.83

0.584

Healthy

DS < 10

341 (71.0)

147 (43.1)

194 (56.9)

0.431

Depressed

DS ≥ 10

139 (29.0)

58.0 (41.7)

81.0 (58.3)

Mild depression

DS 10 - 13

56.0 (11.7)

20.0 (35.7)

36.0 (64.3)

0.163

Moderate depression

DS 14 - 20

41.0 (8.5)

17.0 (41.5)

24.0 (58.5)

0.501

Severe depression

DS 21 - 27

32.0 (6.7)

19.0 (59.4)

13.0 (40.6)

0.038

Very severe depression

DS 28+

10.0 (2.1)

2.0 (20.0)

8.0 (80.0)

0.125