Full sample

Manufacturing

Services

Real estate

Intercept

0.329*** (0.000)

0.514*** (0.000)

0.314*** (0.001)

−1.449*** (0.000)

RCE

−0.064*** (0.008)

−0.174** (0.043)

−0.186*** (0.001)

0.307** (0.031)

SCE

0.017** (0.023)

0.006 (0.660)

0.021** (0.029)

0.021* (0.068)

HCE

0.001 (0.642)

0.002 (0.505)

0.001 (0.632)

−0.006** (0.027)

SIZE

−0.035*** (0.001)

−0.059*** (0.000)

−0.033*** (0.005)

0.201*** (0.000)

LEV

0.044** (0.037)

0.058* (0.082)

0.028 (0.001)

−0.556*** (0.000)

R-squared4

0.0417

0.0639

0.0443

0.2809

F-stats

5.83***

4.63***

3.68***

103.07***

Groups

104

42

51

11

Observations

1040

420

510

110

Hausman

χ2 (5) 12.66**

Fixed effect

χ2 (5) 12.52**

Fixed effect

χ2 (5) 9.77***

Fixed effect

χ2 (5) 16.86***

Fixed effect

Breusch-Pagan LM

χ2 (1) 60.46***

GLS applied

χ2 (1) 9.85***

GLS applied

χ2 (1) 35.05***

GLS applied

χ2 (1) 3.47**

GLS applied

Year effect

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes