| Seed | Mulch | Number and percent germination | Shoot fresh weight (g) | |||||||||
| placement | depth (cm) | 4 WAP | 8 WAP | 12 WAP | 16 WAP | Cumulative | Establishment (%) | 4 WAP | 8 WAP | 12 WAP | 16 WAP | Cumulative |
| Above | 0 | 11.3 | 29.8 | 22.5 | 23.8 | 87.5 | 58 | 1.3 | 7.5 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 16.9 |
| 0.6 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 7.8 | 13.7 | 29.0 | 19 | 0.6 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 5.3 | 13.1 | |
| 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| 2.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| L***Q*** | L***Q*** | L***Q*** | L***Q*** | L***Q*** | L***Q*** | L***Q* | L***Q* | L** | L*** | L***Q*** | ||
| LSD0.05y | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 7.5 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 5.3 | ||||
| Below | 0 | 17.7 | 6.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 24.7 | 62 | 7.3 | 5.4 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 13.2 |
| 0.6 | 23.3 | 5.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 29.0 | 73 | 7.3 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 11.6 | |
| 1.3 | 17.8 | 2.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 20.3 | 51 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 4.2 | |
| 2.5 | 6.3 | 1.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 20 | 0.1 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.9 | |
| L* | NS | NS | NS | L*** | L*** | L** | NS | NS | NS | L*** | ||
| LSD0.05 | 7.8 | NS | NS | NS | 7.9 | 13.9 | 3.6 | NS | NS | NS | 6.2 | |