Elements

Smokers

Mean ± SD

Non Smokers

Mean ± SD

t-value

Mothers

Mean ± SD

Wives

Mean ± SD

t-value

Cd

Co

Ni

Pb

Cu

Zn

K

Na

0.58 ± 0.10

3.45 ± 0.05

13.44 ± 0.21

18.63 ± 1.97

36.11 ± 0.30

185.20 ± 4.25

115.27 ± 1.30

11683 ± 120

0.45 ± 0.08

3.42 ± 0.03

12.89 ± 0.03

15.64 ± 1.48

35.87 ± 0.34

178.24 ± 3.55

114.04 ± 2.10

11,558.04 ± 109

3.9062

1.9903

5.2430

4.8538

2.0560

5.0290

1.9922

3.0832

0.44 ± 0.85

3.32 ± 0.51

13.68 ± 2.75

11.18 ± 0.61

24.37 ± 0.12

81.12 ± 0.93

76.42 ± 3.10

8227 ± 70

0.23 ± 0.31

2.71 ± 0.73

12.74± 1.41

10.86± 0.82

24.30 ± 0.05

80.58 ± 0.54

72.80 ± 7.76

8165 ± 98

0.9284

2.7403

1.2166

1.2524

2.1538

2.0089

1.7328

2.0592