Vaccine | Mechanism | Efficacy | Dose | Storage | Country of Origin |
Moderna (mRNA-1273) | mRNA Vaccine Encapsulated. The mRNA encoding against the protein spike is protected in lipid nanoparticles (soap bubbles). Once absorbed, cells express spike protein resulting in immune response (immunogenicity). | 94% (original strain) | 0.5 ml divided into two doses, each dose for 28 days. | −20˚C = 6 months 2˚C - 8˚C = 30 days | USA [1] |
BioNTech/Pfizer (BNT162b2) | mRNA Vaccine Encapsulated. The mRNA encoding the protein spike is protected in lipid nanoparticles (such as soap bubbles). Once absorbed, cells express spike protein resulting in immune response (immunogenicity). | 95% (original strain) | 0.3 ml divided into two doses, each dose for 21 days. | −70˚C = 6 months 2˚C - 8˚C = 5 days | USA and Germany [33] |
Oxford/ AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1/ AZD1222 [Covishield]) | Virus Vector Vaccines. The dsDNA encodes against the spike protein that is protected in the virus. Infected cells express the spike protein resulting in immune response (immunogenicity). | 82% (original strain), 10% (South African variant B1351) | Two doses, intermittent each dose 12 weeks. | 2˚C - 8˚C = 6 months | English + Swedish [34] |
Johnson & Johnson (JNJ 78436735/ Ad26.COV2. S) | Virus Vector Vaccines The dsDNA encoding against the spike protein is protected in the virus. Infected cells express the spike protein resulting in immune response (immunogenicity). | 72% (USA strain), 57% (South African variant B1351) | One dose. | 2˚C - 8˚C = 3 months −20˚C = 2 years | USA [48] [49] |
Gamaleya (Sputnik V/ Gam-Covid-Vac) | Virus Vector Vaccines The dsDNA encoding against the spike protein is protected in the virus. Infected cells express the spike protein resulting in immune response (immunogenicity). | 91.6% (original strain) | 0.5 ml in 2 doses, each dose for 21 days. | 2˚C - 8˚C = 6 months, −20˚C = 2 years | Russia [32] |
Novavax (NVX-Cov2373) | Vaccine particles that resemble viruses The nanoparticles are covered by a synthetic material called Spike protein. Have additional ingredients called adjuvants to increase immune reactions (immunogenicity). | 96% (original strain), 86% (B117 UK variant), 55% (B1351 South African variant) | Two doses, break each amount 21 days. | 2˚C - 8˚C = 6 months −20˚C = 2 years | USA [46] |
Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) | Vaccine inactivated, SARS-COV-2 is chemically inactive (with a chemical called beta-propiolactone), so it cannot replicate, but all the protein remains intact. | 79% (original strain) | Two doses, break each amount 21 days. | 2˚C - 8˚C | China [50] |
Sinovac (CoronaVac) | Vaccine is inactivated, SARS-COV-2 is chemically inactive (with a chemical called beta-propiolactone), so it cannot replicate, but all the protein remains intact. | 50% (original strain) | Two doses break each dose for 14 days. | 2˚C - 8˚C | Indonesia [51] |
Bharat Biotech (BBV152/ Covaxin) | The vaccine is inactivated, SARS-COV-2 is chemically inactive (with a chemical called beta-propiolactone), so it cannot replicate, but all protein remains intact. | 81% (original strain) | Two doses break each dose for 28 days. | 2˚C - 8˚C | India [44] |