Variables

Before and after

Matching

Mean

Standard Deviation (%)

t-value

P-value

Experimental group

Control group

Tfp_t-1

Before

8.110

8.068

4.2

2.57

0.010

After

8.103

8.129

−2.6

−1.51

0.132

Ci_t-1

Before

2.294

2.299

−0.2

−0.10

0.921

After

2.257

2.242

0.5

0.46

0.643

Employees_t-1

Before

7.716

7.781

−5.4

−3.33

0.001

After

7.714

7.706

0.6

0.37

0.709

Age_t-1

Before

1.837

2.115

−37.6

−23.12

0.000

After

1.843

1.862

−2.6

−1.55

0.120

Export_t-1

Before

7.455

5.743

35.2

21.66

0.000

After

7.430

7.361

−2.6

−1.55

0.379

Opr_t-1

Before

0.090

0.084

2.6

1.64

0.102

After

0.093

0.093

−0.2

−0.14

0.885

Roa_t-1

Before

0.080

0.073

5.3

3.27

0.001

After

0.081

0.079

1.8

1.31

0.189