Use

2006

2017-2018

Odds Ratio

P > t

[95% Conf. Interval]

Odds Ratio

P > t

[95% Conf. Interval]

Region

Alibori

Ref.

Ref.

Atacora

5.13

0.000***

2.898

9.079

1.49

0.056*

0.990

2.237

Atlantique

1.44

0.236

0.788

2.618

1.30

0.333

0.761

2.235

Borgou

2.73

0.001***

1.550

4.793

1.15

0.405

0.826

1.603

Collines

4.57

0.000***

2.533

8.256

0.64

0.054*

0.420

1.008

Couffo

5.40

0.000***

2.825

10.305

1.01

0.985

0.558

1.811

Donga

5.34

0.000***

2.852

10.001

0.95

0.783

0.664

1.361

Littoral

2.14

0.015**

1.161

3.946

1.24

0.431

0.725

2.126

Mono

3.65

0.000***

1.810

7.379

1.48

0.207

0.805

2.718

Ouémé

4.21

0.000***

2.335

7.595

0.46

0.003***

0.281

0.766

Plateau

3.93

0.000***

2.078

7.423

1.00

0.993

0.558

1.803

Zou

4.19

0.000***

2.313

7.602

1.47

0.158

0.862

2.497

Area of residence

Urban

Ref.

Ref.

Rural

1.15

0.104

0.971

1.366

0.92

0.351

0.780

1.093

Wealth quintile

Lowest

Ref.

Ref.

Second

1.70

0.000***

1.353

2.130

1.25

0.026**

1.028

1.531

Meddle

2.21

0.000***

1.779

2.755

1.24

0.075*

0.979

1.563

Fourth

2.95

0.000***

2.313

3.762

1.12

0.293

0.906

1.385

Highest

4.20

0.000***

3.221

5.472

1.22

0.165

0.923

1.601

Household size

0 to 4 persons

Ref.

Ref.

5 to 6 persons

0.83

0.018**

0.710

0.968

0.83

0.067*

0.686

1.013

7 to 9 persons

0.70

0.000***

0.593

0.820

0.54

0.000***

0.443

0.655

10 persons & more

0.52

0.000***

0.419

0.644

0.31

0.000***

0.249

0.382

Religion

Traditional

Ref

Ref

Islam

1.42

0.015**

1.070

1.877

1.23

0.150

0.928

1.626

Catholic

1.77

0.000***

1.440

2.179

1.28

0.044**

1.006

1.624

Protestant/Celestial

1.57

0.000***

1.259

1.964

1.13

0.360

0.871

1.459

Other Christian

1.19

0.122

0.955

1.478

1.25

0.072*

0.980

1.598

Other/No religion

1.31

0.053*

0.997

1.709

1.07

0.686

0.785

1.444

Ethnic group

Adja & App.

Ref.

Ref.

Bariba & Dendi

0.76

0.229

0.485

1.189

0.87

0.586

0.537

1.422

Fon & App.

0.85

0.217

0.665

1.097

1.08

0.691

0.747

1.553

Lokpa & Bétamaribè

0.60

0.022**

0.388

0.930

0.66

0.126

0.390

1.124

Peulh & App.

0.41

0.006***

0.224

0.772

0.62

0.080*

0.369

1.057

Yoruba & App.

0.70

0.039**

0.504

0.983

0.94

0.781

0.588

1.490

Otherethnic group

0.53

0.086*

0.253

1.096

1.14

0.658

0.642

2.017

Mother’s age

15 - 19 years old

Ref.

Ref.

20 - 24 years old

0.93

0.625

0.704

1.235

1.59

0.002***

1.191

2.136

25 - 29 years old

1.00

0.986

0.760

1.322

1.51

0.004***

1.145

2.001

30 - 34 years old

0.82

0.177

0.616

1.093

1.85

0.000***

1.383

2.466

35 - 39 years old

0.95

0.731

0.707

1.275

1.59

0.003***

1.174

2.163

40 - 44 years old

0.74

0.108

0.506

1.070

1.92

0.000***

1.377

2.678

45 - 49 years old

0.87

0.564

0.541

1.398

1.17

0.398

0.797

1.767

Education level

No-education

Ref.

Ref.

Primary

1.23

0.007***

1.057

1.424

1.14

0.149

0.953

1.370

Secondary

1.33

0.008***

1.077

1.655

1.18

0.106

0.966

1.437

Superior

1.91

0.081*

0.924

3.955

0.76

0.307

0.452

1.285

Occupation

None

Ref

Ref.

Professional/liberal

1.17

0.493

0.751

1.810

1.43

0.100

0.934

2.185

Shopkeepers

1.00

0.978

0.831

1.209

1.19

0.051*

0.999

1.425

Women farmers

0.94

0.573

0.753

1.170

1.00

0.981

0.820

1.225

Services

-

-

-

-

1.39

0.004***

1.109

1.752

Manual not & qualified

1.34

0.019*

1.050

1.708

1.13

0.263

0.91

1.414

Other

-

-

-

1.01

0.983

0.581

1.743

Child’s age

0 to 11 months

Réf.

Réf.

12 to 23 months

0.75

0.000***

0.660

0.860

1.00

0.975

0.869

1.155

24 to 35 months

0.65

0.000***

0.571

0.748

0.86

0.028**

0.746

0.983

36 to 47 months

0.62

0.000***

0.545

0.707

0.88

0.045**

0.776

0.997

48 to 59 months

0.67

0.000***

0.583

.0781

0.83

0.011**

0.717

0.958

Child’s gender

Male

Réf.

Réf.

Female

0.97

0.492

0.891

1.057

1.034305

0.498

0.938061

1.140425