Reference (year)

Coaxial needle

Needles size

(gauge)

Number of passes

Time to seeding

Pathological findings

Follow up

Gibbons et al. (1977)

No

18

N/A

20 months

RCC

15 months after seeding, no recurrence

Auvert et al. (1982)

No

N/A

N/A

7 years

Oncocytoma

N/A

Wehle et al. (1986)

No

20

N/A

4 years

Papillary RCC

Died 10 month after seeding

Kiser et al. (1986)

No

14 and 20

N/A

24 days

Papillary RCC

18 months after nephrectomy, no recurrence

Shenoy et al. (1991)

No

23

7 to 8

12 months

RCC

N/A

Abe and Saitho (1992)

No

N/A

N/A

30 months

Angiomyoliposarcoma

N/A

Mullins and Rodriguez (2013)

No

20 and 22

6

2 months

Papillary RCC

3 months after nephrectomy, no recurrence

Sainani et al. (2013)

Yes

20 and 25

N/A

4 years

Papillary RCC

7 years after nephrectomy and cryoablation

Giordadze et al. (2013)

No

20 and 22

N/A

4 years

Papillary RCC

N/A

Chang et al. (2015)

No

16 and 22

2

66 days

Clear cell RCC

6 months after nephrectomy, no recurrence

Soares et al. (2015)

Yes

17 and 18

4

56 days

Papillary RCC

1 month after partial nephrectomy, no recurrence

Viswanathan et al. (patient A, 2015)

Yes

19 and 20

N/A

10 months

Clear cell RCC

Died 2 years after initial presentation

Viswanathan et al. (patient B, 2015)

Yes

19 and 20

N/A

2 months

Papillary RCC type 1

5 years after biopsy, no recurrence

Andersen and Norus (patient A, 2016)

Yes

N/A

N/A

4 years and 7 years

RCC

N/A

Andersen and Norus (patient B, 2016)

N/A

N/A

N/A

at the time of nephrectomy

RCC

4 times of local recurrence between 2 years and 4 years and 5 months after initial surgery