Variable | Standard sedation n = 20 | Standard sedation with music listening = 20 | Standard sedation with CCLS n = 19 | p value | |
Age | Median, IQR | 5.0 (4.5, 9.5) | 8.5 (6.5, 11.0) | 9.0 (6.0, 11.0) | 0.12 |
Gender | Male | 12 | 14 | 6 | 0.04 |
Female | 8 | 6 | 13 | ||
Race | African American | 12 | 9 | 10 | 0.12 |
Caucasian | 4 | 9 | 3 | ||
Asian | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||
Mixed | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
Other | 2 | 0 | 3 | ||
Ethnicity | Hispanic | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0.45 |
Non-Hispanic | 18 | 20 | 17 | ||
ASA | I | 16 | 15 | 16 | 0.92 |
II | 4 | 5 | 3 | ||
Procedure type | Fracture/dislocation reduction | 12 | 16 | 13 | 0.80 |
Incision and drainage | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
Laceration repair | 7 | 3 | 4 | ||
Pre-sedation pain medications | Yes (Any) | 14 | 10 | 14 | 0.25 |
No | 6 | 10 | 5 |