| Etiology | Number (%) |
| Cardiac | 35 (74%) patients |
| Arrhythmia | 25 |
| Valvular disease | 4 |
| Post-myocardial infarction | 6 |
| Extra-cardiac disease | 8 (17%) |
| Aortic arch atherosclerosis | 6 |
| Abdominal aortic atherosclerosis. | 2 |
| No cause was identified | 4 (9%) |