| SWOT analysis matrix | |
| Gender issues | |
| Forces | Weaknesses |
| 68.5% of latrines and 60.9% of urinals are separated and used by gender | Low gender sensitivity of WASH programmes and infrastructures |
| 44.8% of schools have an SGBV reporting policy | 11.5% of teachers trained in gender and gender approach |
| 66.7% of schools raise awareness on menstrual hygiene management | 6.7% of schools raise students’ awareness of gender issues |
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| 30.3% of schools have a clear policy on gender equality |
|
| Only 1.2% of schools have posters on GBV |
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| Lack of dedicated toilets and urinals for girls |
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| Unequal representation of girls in school WASH clubs |
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| At least 30% of girls draw water on punishments during school hours |
| Opportunities | Threats |
| Government commitment to gender promotion | Endemic toxic masculinity in peri-urban communities (patriarchy) |
| Presence of supporting partners (UNICEF, Ministry, USAID) in gender | School environments less sensitive to the gender approach |
| “Gender” module integrated into the country’s school curriculum | Sexual and reproductive health issues |
| Presence of NGOs, feminist organizations defending the rights of girls | Increased absenteeism and school dropout of girl students |
| Water | |
| Strengths | Weaknesses |
| 15 out of 18 schools (83.3%) have functional water points | 89.1% of schools do not have water points, experiencing water chore |
| 77.5% of schools with water points use improved sources | 98.8% of schools lack water awareness posters |
| 67.3 of the schools carry out sensitizations on drinking water hygiene | 98% of latrines and 91% of urinals lack water for hygiene |
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| 40.8% of handwashing facilities lack water for hand hygiene |
| Opportunities | Threats |
| Government’s political commitment to the SDGs | Climate change and acts of sabotage by the population |
| Presence of the national service of rural hydraulics for water drilling | Student absenteeism, particularly among girls |
| Presence of technical and financial partners: PNEVA, Unicef, etc. | Risk of the emergence of waterborne and dirty hands diseases |
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| Increased risk of health, school, and gender impacts of fetching water |
| Hygiene | |
| Strengths | Weaknesses |
| 86.7% of schools educate students on hand hygiene | 43.0% of schools have handwashing facilities |
| 75% of existing hand-washing facilities are functional next to latrines | 90.3% of schools lack handwashing facilities next to latrines. |
| 59.2% of handwashing facilities are functional on school grounds | 97.2% of schools lack handwashing facilities next to urinals. |
| Presence of school WASH clubs in some schools | 92% of schools lack hand hygiene posters. |
|
| 77% of schools do not ensure or monitor handwashing by students |
| Opportunities | Threats |
| Availability of the PNEVA | The imminent implosion of diarrhoeal and other dirty hands disease |
| Presence of the hygiene and sanitation module in the school curriculum | Lack of accessible funding for WASH |
| Presence of handwashing facilities in the market of the city | Covid-19 pandemic in a context of low water availability |
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| Endemicity of dirty hands and waterborne diseases |
| Sanitation | |
| Strengths | Weaknesses |
| 98.2% of schools have latrines, of which 35.2% are improved latrines | 3.6% of schools have hygienic toilets |
| 52% of latrines have sanitary napkins and papers for intimate hygiene | 13.9% of schools have urinals and 2.4% have laundry facilities |
| 74.5% of schools raise awareness on the hygiene of WASH infrastructure | 51.5% of toilets and 82.6% of urinals do not provide privacy for girls |
| Presence of a WASH brigade in some schools | 4.8% of schools have a WASH school brigade |
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| 2.4% of schools allocate funds to maintain WASH infrastructure |
| Opportunities | Threats |
| Presence of the National Healthy Schools and Villages programme | Increased girls’ absenteeism in school |
| Presence of technical support partners: UNICEF, USAID, UKaid, etc. | Increased incidence of diarrhoeal diseases and dirty hands |