LEVEL I: PRIMARY INTEGRATION

· Individuals are governed by the “first factor” of developmental needs and are primarily influenced by heredity, basic impulses, and/or social, environmental forces.

· This level is marked by selfishness and egocentrism; individuals often seek self-fulfilment through “ends justify the means” behaviour.

LEVEL II: UNILEVEL “DIS”-INTEGRATION

· This level is characterized by a lack of inner direction, submission to the values of the group, socially accepted values and beliefs, with the emergence of ambiguities about “popular” and “moral” courses of action.

· This “Second factor” serves as the organizing principle of social factors, and individual conformity to social system groups.

LEVEL Ill: MULTILEVEL ‘DIS’-INTEGRATION

· Within this level, individuals begin to get a sense of the ideal, of moral concerns, and of the existence of conflicting values within themselves.

· The individual’s inner tension between “What is” and “What ought to be” is responsible for the process of an unfolding “positive maladjustment” or “creative psychoneurosis”.

LEVEL IV: DIRECTED MULTILEVEL “DIS”-INTEGRATION

· The individual begins to move towards self-actualization and holds a strong sense of responsibility concerning others’ well-being, through personal inner growth.

· This becomes the primary motivator of growth, spurring individuals to work towards agreement between their actions and their ideals.

LEVEL V: SECONDARY INTEGRATION (SELF-ACTUALIZATION)

· • The “personality ideal” is achieved, and individuals experience harmony and are at peace with themselves. Lower forms of motivation have been surpassed and are replaced by higher forms of awareness, insight, empathy, autonomy, and “self-compassion”.