| Internal factors | External factors |
| Universality of the curriculum, which affects willingness to participate | Universality of the curriculum, which affects willingness to participate |
| Lack of quality teaching resources affects students’ course learning needs | Lack of quality teaching resources affects students’ course learning needs |
| Lack of sport-specific online design affects students’ interest in participation | Lack of sport-specific online design affects students’ interest in participation |
| Lack of a sports environment and atmosphere, which affects students’ participation initiative | Lack of a sports environment and atmosphere, which affects students participation initiative |