| Moran’s I | Gi* statistic | Network KDE |
| measures spatial correlation, identifies hot spots with high-high values, and cold spots with low-low values | measures spatial correlation, identifies hot spots with high-high values, and cold spots with low-low values | measures probability density function, identifies only hot spots in term of density per linear distance unit |
| Identifies outliers (dispersed incidents) with high-low values and low-high values | does not identify outliers | does not identify outliers |
| Looking at the value in the context of its neighbors’ values within the inverse distance between locations | Looking at the value in the context of its neighbors’ values that fall within a specified distance of each other | conduct density calculation based on the user-specified search radius and raster cell size |
| does not include the interaction of a zone with itself but only with its neighborhoods in measuring spatial correlation | includes the interaction of a zone with itself in addition to its neighborhoods in measuring spatial correlation | does not include the interaction of a zone with itself but only with its neighborhoods in measuring kernel density |
| reports an index-value, and a z-score | reports a combined index-value and a z-score | reports a linear density value, and a z-score |
| reports a p-value | reports a p-value | does not report a p-value |
| presents the statistical significance of clustering | presents the statistical significance of clustering | does not present the statistical significance of clustering |
| ranges from -1.0 to + 1.0 | ranges from 0.0 to + 1.0 | any positive value |