| Variable Name |
Variable Definition |
Participants N = (247) 61.75% |
Non-participants N = (153) 38.25% |
Difference in mean |
||||||
| Mean |
S.D. |
Mean |
S.D. |
|||||||
| Treatment Variable |
||||||||||
| PARTICIPATE |
1 = Yes; 0 = No |
|||||||||
| Outcome Variables |
||||||||||
| FSS |
Food Security |
1.25 |
0.49 |
0.82 |
0.55 |
0.43*** |
||||
| (Food secure if >1; Food insecure if <1) |
||||||||||
| HHINC |
Household Income (GH₵) |
8741.59 |
10,137.31 |
2355.36 |
2447.18 |
6386.23*** |
||||
| Independent Variables |
||||||||||
| Household Characteristics |
||||||||||
| SEX |
1 = Male; 0 = Female |
0.76 |
0.43 |
0.80 |
0.40 |
−0.04 |
||||
| AGE |
Farmers’ Age |
49.50 |
10.79 |
52.82 |
11.80 |
−3.32*** |
||||
| AGESQ |
Age*Age |
2566.01 |
66.61 |
2928.02 |
99.13 |
362.01 |
||||
| REG |
0 = Upper East; 1 = Upper West |
1.52 |
0.50 |
1.46 |
0.50 |
0.06 |
||||
| BASICEDU |
1 = Yes; 0 = No |
0.74 |
0.44 |
0.61 |
0.49 |
0.12** |
||||
| SECEDU |
1 = Yes; 0 = No |
0.33 |
0.47 |
0.25 |
0.44 |
0.07 |
||||
| TEREDU |
1 = Yes; 0 = No |
0.19 |
0.39 |
0.11 |
0.32 |
0.08** |
||||
| MARRIED |
1 = Married;0 = Single |
0.83 |
0.37 |
0.82 |
0.38 |
0.01 |
||||
| HSIZE |
Household Size |
11.04 |
9.14 |
13.42 |
12.73 |
−2.38** |
||||
| NUMBER5 |
Children below 5yrs |
1.58 |
1.93 |
1.82 |
2.34 |
−0.24 |
||||
| VGM |
Village Group Member |
0.49 |
0.50 |
0.24 |
0.44 |
0.26*** |
||||
| ACCLOAN |
1 = Access; 0 = No Access |
0.30 |
0.44 |
0.21 |
0.41 |
0.09* |
||||
| RNET |
An index where 1 = Bad; 2 = Fairly Good; 3 = Good |
2.17 |
0.62 |
1.96 |
0.50 |
0.21*** |
||||
| HSEFAC |
House-Health Facility (Km) |
4.06 |
4.61 |
6.13 |
5.32 |
−2.06*** |
||||
| Farm Characteristics |
||||||||||
| NUMFARMS |
Number of Farms Owned |
2.85 |
1.72 |
2.27 |
1.50 |
0.58*** |
||||
| FARMMKT |
Farm-Market (Km) |
5.96 |
6.05 |
8.20 |
11.61 |
−2.24** |
||||
| FARMMRD |
Farm-Major Road (Km) |
4.44 |
4.13 |
7.33 |
11.16 |
−2.89*** |
||||
| Livestock and Assets |
||||||||||
| CATTLE |
1 = Raises Cattle; 0 otherwise |
0.63 |
0.48 |
0.60 |
0.49 |
0.03 |
||||
| SHEEP |
1 = Raises Sheep; 0 otherwise |
0.65 |
0.48 |
0.70 |
0.46 |
−0.05 |
||||
| GOAT |
1 = Raises Goat; 0 otherwise |
0.88 |
0.32 |
0.91 |
0.29 |
−0.03 |
||||
| POULTRY |
1 = Raises Poultry; 0 otherwise |
0.86 |
0.35 |
0.86 |
0.35 |
0.00 |
||||
| GNFOWL |
1 = Raises Fowls; 0 otherwise |
0.70 |
0.46 |
0.75 |
0.44 |
−0.05 |
||||
| BICYCLE |
1 = Has a Bicycle; 0 otherwise |
0.94 |
0.23 |
0.92 |
0.27 |
0.02 |
||||
| MOTORBIKE |
1 = Has a Motor Bike; 0 otherwise |
0.75 |
0.43 |
0.56 |
0.50 |
0.19*** |
||||
| TRUCK |
1 = Has a Truck; 0 otherwise |
0.32 |
0.47 |
0.24 |
0.43 |
0.08* |
||||
| TV |
1 = Has a Television; 0 otherwise |
0.77 |
0.42 |
0.69 |
0.46 |
0.07 |
||||
| MPHONE |
1 = Has a Mobile Phone; 0 otherwise |
0.97 |
0.17 |
0.92 |
0.27 |
0.05** |
||||