Ref.

Study Type

Intervention

Population/ Sample Size

Results/Benefits

Adverse Effects

[46]

SR

Low Salt Diet

2 Trials with 603 women

No Effect (Insufficient Data)

Not Reported

[47]

SR

Chinese herbal medicines

No trials suitable for inclusion

Insufficient evidence

Insufficient evidence

[49]

DB RCT

n-3 LCPUFA (fish oil)

2399 Pregnant women of <21 week pregnancy

No meaningful effect on the risk of pre-eclampsia

Not Reported

[50]

SR

Garlic

1 trial (100 women)

Insufficient evidence

Odour

[51]

Randomized DB PC Trial

glyceryl trinitrate 5 mg daily

40 women (24 - 26 weeks pregnancy)

No reduction in pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery or fetal growth restriction

Not Reported

[48]

SR

Marine oil & prostaglandin precursor

6 trials with 2783 women

Not enough evidence to support the routine use of marine oil, or other prostagland in precursor

Not Reported

[52]

SR

Nitric oxide donors or precursors

6 trials with 310 women

Insufficient evidence to draw reliable conclusions

Headache with little evidence

[54]

SR

Plasma Volume Expansion

3 trials with 61 women

Insufficient evidence to draw reliable conclusions

Not Reported

[56]

SR

Cigarette smoking

48 epidemiologic studies

Smoking during pregnancy reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia by up to 50% with a dose-response pattern

Not Reported

[57]

SR

Low-dose dopamine

1 trial (40 women)

Insufficient Evidence

Not Reported

[58]

SR

progesterone

4 trials (1445 women)

Insufficient Evidence

Not Reported

[59]

SR

Diuretics

5 studies (1836 women)

Insufficient Evidence

Nausea, Vomiting

[60]

Randomized DB PC Trial

Lycopene oral 2mg daily

159 Women (12 to 20 weeks of gestation)

No significant difference between the two groups in developing pre-eclampsia

Increased preterm labour

[53]

Randomized DB PC Trial

L-arginine plus antioxidant vitamins

672 pre-eclamptic women (14 - 32 weeks pregnancy)

Reduced the incidence of pre-eclampsia.

Not Reported