Ratings Author(s) | A. Selction bias | B. Study design | C. confounders | D. Blinding | E. Data collection method | F. Withdrawals and dropouts | Rating |
Aiken et al. (2014) | strong | strong | Strong | moderate | strong | weak | Moderate |
Aiken et al. (2002) | Strong | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Aiken et al. (2001) | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Weak |
Al-Kandari & Thomas (2008) | Strong | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Amaravadi et al. (2000) | Strong | Strong | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Moderate |
Ball et al. (2013) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Carthon et al. (2012) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
Cho et al. (2003) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Cho et al. (2015) | Strong | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Cho & Yun (2008) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Cimotti et al. (2006) | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Strong |
Cordova et al. (2014) | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Moderate |
Daud-Gallotti et al. (2012) | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate | Strong |
Duffield et al. (2011) | Moderate | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Glance et al. (2012) | Strong | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Halm et al. (2005) | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Weak |
Hayes & Ball (2012) | Weak | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Weak |
Hugonnet et al. (2007) | Moderate | Moderate | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Hinno et al. (2011) | Weak | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Weak |
Holden et al. (2009) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Jones (2014) | Weak | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Weak |
Kiekkas et al. (2008) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Kovner et al. (2002) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Liang et al. (2011) | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Strong |
Needleman et al. (2002) | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Strong |
Pearson et al. (2004) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Potter et al. (2003) | Moderate | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Rogowski et al. (2013) | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Strong |
Sasicbay-Akkadecbanunt et al. (2003) | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Screuders et al. (2015) | Moderate | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |