Spermatozoa¹ (×10³)

Total motility (%)

Progressive motility (%)

Total L-carnitine (μM/L)

Free L-carnitine (μM/L)

99,225.7 ± 4485.2

91.5 ± 0.5

63.1 ± 2.1

16.3 ± 0.4

14.8 ± 0.4