Term | Definition |
Reproductive systems | General term related to the processes of sexual reproduction, form of sexual organization, relationships between gametes, self-incompatibility (breeding systems or genetic reproductive systems) and various forms of asexual reproduction including agamospermy. |
1. Sexual organization 1.1. Sexual systems | The distribution of sexual organs in flowers, individual plants, populations, and species as well as their spatial separation and relative timing in the maturation of sexual organs in flowers, inflorescences or individual plants. Gender expression and its occurrence at different levels: intrafloral, individual, population and species. |
1.1.1. Hermaphrodite | Individuals of a population present only bisexual flowers. |
1.1.2. Monoecy | Individual of population present unisexual flowers (pistilate and staminate flowers) in the same individual. See methods and Cardoso et al. (2018 for more details). |
1.1.3. Dioecy | Unisexual flowers, staminate and pistillate flowers are arranged in different plant of a population. Subdioecy were considered as dioecy. See methods and Cardoso et al. (2018) for more details. |
1.2. Herkogamy | Spatial separation anther-stigma whithin in the same hermaphrodite flower or unisexual flowers of monoecious species. |
| Non-herkogamy: Herkogamy absence. |
1.3. Dichogamy | Temporal separation of sexual functions by the sequential ripening of the androecium or gynoecium in hermaphrodite flower, or by different times of anthesis of staminate and pistilate flowers of monoecious species. Adichogamy: The adsence of dichogamy. |
1.3.1. Protogyny | Female expression occur previous male. |
1.3.2. Protandry | Male expression occur previous female. |
2. Breeding systems | Reproductive genetic systems. Reproductive attributes determined by genetic processes. |
2.1. Agamospermy | Seed formation asexually. |
2.2. Spontaneous self-pollination | Seed formation spontaneously by self-pollination. It includes four levels according to the levels of spontaneous self-pollination: Non-spontaneous self-pollination. Partially spontaneous self-pollination. Spontaneous self-pollination. Obligated spontaneous self-pollinated. |
2.3. Self-fertility | Expression of cross-pollination capacity. It includes several levels that partially agree with the categories of mating systems described by Cardoso et al. (2018). Partial xenogamy, partial outbreeding Xenogamy, obligate and complete outbreeding. Autogamy, full self-pollination ability. Partial endogamy, levels of selfing higher than levels of outcrossing: very low outcrossing rate. |
2.4. Self-incompatibility | A genetic based inability of plants to produce fertile seeds aftergoing self-pollination. Four categories were found in this study. Self-incompatibility, inability to produce fertile seeds after self-pollination. Partial self-incompatibility, partial production of seeds by self-fertilization. Self-compatibility, full production of seeds by self-pollination. Partial cross-incompatibility, partial inability to produce seeds by cross-pollination. |