Study Details (Author, Year) | Sample Characteristics | Design/Methods | Results |
Adams, 2003 [27] | n = 13 Latina women | Interpretive phenomenology | Patients viewed stress as causal in diabetes. They found it difficult to diet in cultural context, and religion was often drawn on for support. |
Alcozer, 2000 [28] | n = 10 Mexican women Aged 27 to 45 years, living with partners/spouses. | Narrative Interview | Meaning of diabetes was “viewed as a life threat with complications and a shortened life”. |
Ahmadani et al., 2012 [29] | n = 110 Pakistani patients | Prospective studies conducted in the month of fasting | Active glucose monitoring and patients education helped to manage diabetes. |
Ahmadani et al., 2008 [30] | n = 327 Pakistani patients with fasting | Questionnaire based survey of self-management | Patients required special attention on self-management of diabetes during the fasting period. |
Broom and Whittaker, 2004 [31] | n = 119 people with diabetes, 56 service providers, 52% men aged 20 to 90 years. | Unstructured interview of self-management | People concept of diabetes self-management is that of discipline and control. Attempts to avoid stigma might undermine agency for management. |
Balcou-Debussche and Debussche, 2009 [32] | n = 42 Creole people with type 2 diabetes; 28 women aged 17 to 72 years | Semi-structured interviews of self-management | Patients experienced a “suspension of reality” in the hospital: everyday constraints of home life were pended, facilitating diabetes management. |
Chasens and Olshansky, 2006 [33] | n = 17 people with type 2 diabetes; 35% men and 65% women. Mean age 55 years. | 3 focus groups; analysis of grounded theory | Explored the ways in which sleepiness constrained self-management. |
Chun and Chelsea, 2004 [34] | n = 16 Chinese American families; mean age = 60 years | Group interviews | Culturally related responses and experiences of type 2 diabetes. |
Chelsea and Shun, 2005 [35] | n = 16 Chinese American families; mean age = 60 years | Narrative group interviews | Accommodation was the key response to diabetes and consisted of practices and concerns to balance quality of life. |
Fagerli et al., 2005 [36] | n = 15 Pakistanis-born people with diabetes living in Oslo, 4 men, 11 women; age range 38 - 66 years. | Semi-structured interviews | A number of constraints were found―Discontinuity between different types of culturally mediated lay understanding. |
Furler et al., 2008 [37] | n = 24 women and 26 men; age range 50 to 80 years. | Four focus groups to elicit “shared frames of meaning” of people with diabetes in communities | Patients described the role of emotional contexts (shock, fear and worry) in self-management. These have influenced approach to self-management |
Greenhalgh et al., 2011 [38] | n = 82 patients, aged 25 - 86 years, from 6 ethnic groups | Quasi-naturalistic story-gathering, analyzed thematically. | Self-management should take closer account of over-arching storylines that pattern experience of chronic illness. |
Hawthorne and Tomlinson, 1999 [39] | n = 201 Pakistani patients, 101 women and 100 men, 24% knew how to manage diabetes. | One to one semi-structured interviews | Uneducated women did not know much about self-management-require culturally appropriate, health education and support. |
Huang et al., 2005 [40] | n = 28 older people with type 2 diabetes; age range 65 to 88 years (12 men) | Semi-structured interviews analyzed with grounded theory | Patient’s health care goals were social and functional, as compared to bio-medical. |
Jezewski and Poss, 2002 [41] | n = 22 Mexican American with type 2 diabetes; 4 men; age range 29 - 77 years. | Semi-structured interviews followed by focus groups; analyzed by grounded theory | Patients’ explanatory frameworks for diabetes drew on both lay and biomedical understandings. |
Keval, 2009 [42] | n = 18 South Asian, Gujarati-speaking United Kingdom residents; 10 men; age range 40 to 88 | Semi-structured interviews analyzed by grounded theory | Patients viewed their social and cultural networks as facilitating self-management. |
Khowaja and Waheed, 2010 [26] | n = 500 type 2 diabetic patients in Agha Khan University hospital Pakistan. Age range 30 - 70 Years | Cross section study design―interviews with structured questionnaire. | Self-management of diabetes is was associated with clinically and statistically better glycemic control. |