Characteristics

Non-malnutrition (n = 162)

Malnutrition (n = 31)

P-value

Demographic and Socioeconomic

Age (year): mean

11.8 (1.8)

12.1 (1.7)

0.317a

Weight (kg): mean

34.6 (8.1)

28.8 (6.6)

<0.001a

Height (cm): mean

140.7 (10.9)

131.7 (9.5)

<0.001a

Gender:

0.855b

Male

55 (84.6%)

10 (15.4%)

Female

107 (83.6%)

21 (16.4%)

Congenital disease (n = 173):

0.425c

Yes

2 (66.7%)

1 (33.3%)

No

142 (83.5%)

28 (16.5%)

Caregiver (n = 189):

0.058c

Father and/or mother

149 (85.1%)

26 (14.9%)

Relatives

9 (64.3%)

5 (35.7%)

Number of members in family (n = 190):

0.001c

<5 people

71 (94.7%)

4 (5.3%)

≥5 people

88 (76.5%)

27 (23.5%)

Father’s occupation (n = 179):

0.023b

Farmer

110 (80.9%)

26 (19.1%)

Other

41 (95.1%)

2 (4.9%)

Mother’s occupation (n = 186):

0.098b

Farmer

119 (82.1%)

26 (17.9%)

Other

38 (92.7%)

3 (7.3%)

Father’s education (n = 176):

0.085c

Primary school or lower

121 (80.7%)

29 (19.3%)

Higher that primary school

25 (96.2%)

1 (3.8%)

Mother’s education (n = 184):

0.132c

Primary school or lower

132 (81.5%)

30 (18.5%)

Higher that primary school

21 (95.5%)

1 (4.5%)

Consumption behaviours

3 meals a day (n = 191):

0.553b

Yes

126 (85.1%)

22 (14.9%)

No

35 (81.4%)

8 (18.6%)

Dishes per meal (n = 190):

0.739b

<3 dishes

82 (82.8%)

17 (17.2%)

≥3 dishes

77 (84.6%)

14 (15.4%)