Author | Year | Country | Sample Size (n) | Sex (n; Male/ Female) | Mean Age (years) | Injustice Measure | Mean IEQ Score | Study Design | NOS Score (Max 9) | Trauma type |
Zelle et al. [18] | 2017 | United States of America | 43 | 19/24 | 42.7 | QPI | 20 | Cross-Sectional | 6 | Isolated orthopaedic injuries requiring surgical fracture management |
Giummarra et al. [40] | 2016 | Australia | 364 | 275/89 | 43.0 | IEQ | 11.79 | Cross-sectional | 6 | Major trauma per the VSTR and VOTOR guidelines |
Trost et al. [36] | 2015 | United States of America | 155 | 91/64 | 47.50 | IEQ | 17.07 | Cross-sectional | 8 | Fall, RTA, violent crime (gunshot, stab wound), machine injury, animal attack |
Boals et al. [22] | 2020 | United States of America | 176 | 118/58 | 44.47 | IEQ | 17.04 | Prospective | 6 | Interpersonal (gunshot wound, aggravated assault) and non-interpersonal trauma (fall, RTA, etc.) |
Ioannou et al. [42] | 2017 | Australia | 433 | 324/109 | 44.8 | IEQ | 16.24 | Cross-sectional | 5 | Major trauma per the VSTR and VOTOR guidelines |