Scores

Research group (n = 44)

Non-research group (n = 156)

P

Scientific research consciousness

Literature consulting ability

Project design ability

Data analysis and processing ability

Paper writing ability

11.57 ± 2.12

11.55 ± 2.53

9.32 ± 1.86

12.39 ± 2.12

9.57 ± 1.79

6.59 ± 1.98

5.23 ± 2.72

5.93 ± 2.03

9.48 ± 1.89

9.15 ± 2.12

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.124