Variable

Economically developed regions

Economically relatively

developed regions

Economically underdeveloped regions

lnpatent

lnpatent

apply

lnpatent

lnpatent

apply

lnpatent

lnpatent

apply

ind

2.045***

(2.52)

1.436***

(4.31)

1.788***

(3.53)

1.579**

(2.32)

3.261**

(2.26)

4.641***

(3.70)