Common TQM Barriers | Studies from Literature Review |
1 | Lack of Top Management/Leadership Commitment | Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2003); Shaari (2010), Burcher et al. (2010), Polat et al. (2011), Mosadeghrad (2014), Awan et al. (2009), Al-Khalifa and Aspinwall (2000), Al Zamany et al. (2002), Berrouiguet (2013) |
2 | Lack of Human Resources Management and Development | Jun et al. (2004), Nwabueze (2001), Johnson (2013), Mosadeghrad (2014), Amar and Zain (2001), Khan (2011), Ismail Salaheldin (2003), Bhat and Rajashekhar (2009), Twaissi et al. (2008), Osuagwu (2002), Sadikoglu and Olcay (2014), Salegna and Fazel (2000), Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2003), Al Zamany et al. (2002) , Cătălin et al. (2014), Bayazit (2003) |
3 | Resistance to Change | Jun et al. (2004), Nwabueze (2001), Johnson (2013), Mosadeghrad (2014), Ismail Salaheldin (2003), Bhat and Rajashekhar (2009), Salegna and Fazel (2000), Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2003), Alsughayir (2014), Talib et al. (2011), Al-Khalifa and Aspinwall (2000), Berrouiguet (2013) |
4 | Lack of Understanding and Awareness of TQM | Shaari (2010), Sadikoglu and Olcay (2014), Ismail Salaheldin (2003), Berrouiguet (2013), Alsughayir (2014), Al-Marri et al. (2007), |
5 | Poor Communication | Burcher et al. (2010), Mosadeghrad (2014) |
6 | Lack of Customer Focus | Rad (2006), Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2003) |
7 | Lack of Teamwork | Kumar et al. (2011), Cătălin et al. (2014), Mosadeghrad (2014) |
8 | Inadequate Resources (Human, physical, infrastructure, Financial, information) | Burcher et al. (2010), Johnson (2013), Khan (2011), Ismail Salaheldin (2003), Sadikoglu and Olcay (2014), Berrouiguet (2013), Mosadeghrad (2014), Cătălin et al. (2014) |
9 | Organizational Culture | Twaissi et al. (2008), Amar and Zain (2001), Rad (2006) |
10 | Lack of Continuous Improvement | Mosadeghrad (2014), Talib et al. (2011), Twaissi et al. (2008) |