Common TQM Barriers

Studies from Literature Review

1

Lack of Top Management/Leadership Commitment

Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2003); Shaari (2010), Burcher et al. (2010), Polat et al. (2011), Mosadeghrad (2014), Awan et al. (2009), Al-Khalifa and Aspinwall (2000), Al Zamany et al. (2002), Berrouiguet (2013)

2

Lack of Human Resources Management and Development

Jun et al. (2004), Nwabueze (2001), Johnson (2013), Mosadeghrad (2014), Amar and Zain (2001), Khan (2011), Ismail Salaheldin (2003), Bhat and Rajashekhar (2009), Twaissi et al. (2008), Osuagwu (2002), Sadikoglu and Olcay (2014), Salegna and Fazel (2000), Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2003), Al Zamany et al. (2002) , Cătălin et al. (2014), Bayazit (2003)

3

Resistance to Change

Jun et al. (2004), Nwabueze (2001), Johnson (2013), Mosadeghrad (2014), Ismail Salaheldin (2003), Bhat and Rajashekhar (2009), Salegna and Fazel (2000), Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2003), Alsughayir (2014), Talib et al. (2011), Al-Khalifa and Aspinwall (2000), Berrouiguet (2013)

4

Lack of Understanding and Awareness of TQM

Shaari (2010), Sadikoglu and Olcay (2014), Ismail Salaheldin (2003), Berrouiguet (2013), Alsughayir (2014), Al-Marri et al. (2007),

5

Poor Communication

Burcher et al. (2010), Mosadeghrad (2014)

6

Lack of Customer Focus

Rad (2006), Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2003)

7

Lack of Teamwork

Kumar et al. (2011), Cătălin et al. (2014), Mosadeghrad (2014)

8

Inadequate Resources (Human, physical, infrastructure, Financial, information)

Burcher et al. (2010), Johnson (2013), Khan (2011), Ismail Salaheldin (2003), Sadikoglu and Olcay (2014), Berrouiguet (2013), Mosadeghrad (2014), Cătălin et al. (2014)

9

Organizational Culture

Twaissi et al. (2008), Amar and Zain (2001), Rad (2006)

10

Lack of Continuous Improvement

Mosadeghrad (2014), Talib et al. (2011), Twaissi et al. (2008)