Combined (descriptive and prescriptive) | Descriptive (experimental-adaptive) In this paradigm, strategies must become the rule and be devised in advance | Prescription (precautionary) In this paradigm, strategies are described more empirically and adaptively to situations | Paradigm | |||||||
Both are based on contingency and integration | Bottom-up planning, quality-oriented research method, phenomenal strategy, intuitive strategy process | Top-down planning, research method and quantity-oriented, goal-oriented strategy, circuit analysis strategy | General specifications | |||||||
configuration | Environmental | Cultural | Power- oriented | Learning | Cognitive | Entrepreneurship | Positioning | Planning | Designing | Schools |
Everything that exists in other schools. | Special and general situations. | The collective perspective is unique. | Patterns and situations and political aspirations. | Strategy as a learning model. | Strategy as an attitude that shows how the strategist relates to environmental information. | Strategy as a leader and vision. | Strategy means strategic positions in the economic and competitive market. | Strategy means program to the level of sub-programs. | A strategy is a set of guidelines that provide a vision for dealing with the future. | Look at the concept of strategy |
A. D. Chendler H. Mintzberg R. E. Miles | Developers of probability science | E. Rhenman R. Norman | GT. Allison G. R. Salanick | Lindblom G. Hame J. March | Khoneman Turersky Simon | Mintzberg P. Draker | M. Porter K. J. Haatenr D. E. Echendel | H. L. Ansoff Peter & Lorange | P. Selznick A. Chendlers K. R. Adrews | Its founders |
Date | Biology | Humanities and Anthropology | political science | Learning theory and disorder theory in mathematics | Psychology | To some extent economists and entrepreneurs | Necessities (Industrial Organization), Military Industries | Urban planning, systems theory and cybernetics | Harvard University | The original principle and origin of the scientific field |
It is most popular in the Netherlands and Germany | Population ecologists, organization theorists | Those who love the spiritual and collective community, especially in Japan | Those who love power, politics and collusion, especially in France | People interested in experience, adaptation especially in Japan | People with a penchant for psychology | Popular media, entrepreneurs | Planners, Strategic Advisers, Military Advisers in America | Professional Managers (MBAs), Consultants and Government Officials in the United States | Harvard University, Leadership Enthusiasts in America | Prosperous |
Combine, transform | Reaction | Merge and integrate | Grab it | learn | Framework | Predict with intuitive understanding and experience. Imagine | Competitors analysis | Formalize and formulate programs | Adapt to fit | Message with the main slogan of this school |
Integrate, transfer, put together different strategies based on different situations | Surrender instead of confrontation, the formation of strategy by algebra of the effects of external factors | Continuation rather than change, strategy formation by group agreement | Save and hoard, formulate a review strategy | Execute strategy Instead of following, set strategy at all levels of the organization | Worried (unable to face others) | Focus on the vision and focus less on the problems | Calculation instead of creating or committing | Plan instead of adjust | Thinking (making a strategy according to the situation inside and outside) | The general behavior of this school |
Chameleons | Ostrich | Peacock | Lion | Monkey | Owl | the wolf | Blue Buffalo | Squirrel | Spider | Metaphorical animal |
Everything has a season and a time | it depends | An apple never falls farther from the tree | Take care | If you do not succeed, try again (Ant and Amir Teymou) | I will see the time to believe it | Lead, guide | Nothing but reality | The incident must be treated before it occurs | Look before you go (do not jump into the water, see your quilt and stretch your legs) | Relevant sermon |
Life cycle, change and transformation |
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| Bargaining, conflict management, coalition |
| Interpretation, rationality, framing | Bold action, bold insight | BCG, Porter Five Forces, Porter Value Chain, Porte General Strategies | SWOT, EFE, IFE, IEM, PIP, PCM, BSG QSPM, GE | SWOT, LFE, EFE, CPM, IEM, QSPM | Tools |