Variable

(1)

(2)

(3)

“non-Big Four”

“Big Four”

Recover

0.0646*** (0.0240)

0.0883*** (0.0279)

−0.0626 (0.0432)

Size

−0.0379 (0.0343)

−0.0423 (0.0376)

0.0966 (0.104)

SY size

−0.0569*** (0.00873)

−0.0643*** (0.00944)

−0.0252 (0.0267)

ROE

0.219** (0.0963)

0.222** (0.102)

0.740* (0.402)

Growth

−0.0250 (0.0204)

−0.0324 (0.0228)

−0.00982 (0.0499)

OWN

−0.000177 (0.00213)

0.000325 (0.00248)

−0.0116** (0.00551)

Num

0.354*** (0.123)

0.372*** (0.139)

0.380 (0.237)

Lev

−0.0345 (0.119)

−0.00591 (0.128)

−0.369 (0.453)

BTM

0.0521 (0.0944)

0.0248 (0.106)

−0.00553 (0.232)

Balance

−0.0182 (0.0303)

−0.000924 (0.0323)

−0.396*** (0.130)

Constant

1.330 (0.809)

2.078** (0.861)

−1.561 (2.190)

Observations

1568

1184

384

R-squared

0.155

0.183

0.325

Industry FE

YES

YES

YES

Year FE

YES

YES

YES