N

Minimum

Maximum

Mean

Std. Deviation

Dependent variables

HC1

192

4.8

62.4

25.9

13.6

HC2

192

0.1

18.8

6.9

5.5

PGap

192

0.0

5.2

1.5

1.4

Independent variables

AB

192

16.6

250.4

89.4

48.6

LN

192

2.7

53.4

19.3

10.8

Control Variables

AL

192

1.0

20.4

8.6

7.2

AGR

192

1.4

45.0

14.4

9.7

CPI

192

−9.8

382.8

14.0

35.4

POP

192

23.6

47.8

34.3

6.2

TR

192

0.8

114.3

59.1

25.9

EDU

192

1.0

8.9

4.2

2.0

HE

192

2.4

7.3

4.9

1.0

FDI

192

−0.5

9.4

1.9

1.7

RPOP

192

19.0

71.4

43.6

15.3

GDPPC

192

−47.9

97.0

1.8

9.6

GDPG

192

−50.3

86.8

3.5

9.3

Instrumental variables

DC

192

1.6

94.8

33.0

25.4

AE

192

20.0

100.0

82.7

24.0

AW

192

29.6

99.9

72.3

17.8

GE

192

−1.9

11.0

−0.5

1.0