Observable

Formula

Parameters needed

to be measured

Needed

constants

Gravity constant

$G=\frac{L2{\pi }^2{R}_c^2}{M_c{T}_c^2}\theta$

M_c, L, R_c, T_c, θ

Mass M (Earth)

$M=\frac{g{R}_1^2}{G}=\frac{2H{R}_1^2}{T_b^{2}G}$

H T_b, R₁, M_c, L, R_c, T_c, θ

Orbital velocity

$v_o=\sqrt{\frac{GM}{R_2}}$

H, T_b, R₂, R₁, M_c, L, R_c, T_c, θ

Orbital time

$T=\frac{2\pi R_2}{\sqrt{\frac{GM}{R_2}}}$

H, T_b, R₂, R₁, M_c, L, R_c, T_c, θ

Orbital time

Light bending

$\delta =\frac{4GM}{c^2{R}_2}$

H, T_b, R₂, R₁, M_c, L, R_c, T_c, θ

c

Gravitational red-shift

$\delta =\frac{GM}{c^2{R}_2}$

H, T_b, R₂, R₁, M_c, L, R_c, T_cθ

c

Time dilation

$T_2=T_1\sqrt{1-\frac{2GM}{R_2{c}^2}}$

H, T_b, R₂, R₁, M_c, L, R_c, T_c, θ

c

Escape velocity

$v_o=\sqrt{\frac{2GM}{R_2}}$

H, T_b, R₂, R₁, M_c, L, R_c, T_c, θ