| Research (year) | Period | Country | Methodology | Objectives | Major Findings |
| Curcio [25] | 1985-1990 | UK | Cobb Douglas Production Function | Investigates the relationship between managerial ownership and corporate performance | Managerial ownership seems have a positive effect on productivity growth; however the estimates are not highly significant. |
| Kahn, J. A., & Lim, J. S. [26] | 1958-1991 | United States | Cobb Douglas Production function approach | Examines the role of skilled labor in TFP growth | Robust evidences that productivity growth was increasingly concentrated in high-skill industries |
| Gort, Michael & Lee, S. H. [13] | 1973-92 | United States | Cobb Douglas production function | Analyzes the impact of managerial efficiency on output | Managerial endowments, superior managerial efficiency is an important explanatory variable for output |
| Amess, K. & Drakeb, L. [17] | 1991-1996 | UK | Cobb Douglas Production Function | Relationship between the remuneration of the highest paid senior managers and firm-level performance | The relationship between pay and TFP change is generally weak |
| Simoneti, M. & Gregoric, A. [18] | 1995-1999 | Slovenia | Cobb Douglas Production Function | Investigates the influence of managerial ownership on performance of the firms. | Do not provide relevant evidence of any positive effects of the increasing managerial control |
| Ilmakunnas, P.; Maliranta, M.; Vainiomäki, J. [20] | 1975-1994 | Finland | Pooled OLS, random effects and fixed effects | Analyzes the relationships of worker characteristics such as average age, seniority, and education on productivity | Plant average age and higher education improves productivity |
| Fernandes, Ana M. [14] | November 2004-September 2005 | Bangladesh | ACF | studies managerial quality and its impact to firm’s TFP | Managerial quality and global integration are positively associated with firm TFP. |
| Silva, A. C. [16] | Empirical Model | United States | Cobb Douglas production function and model proposed by Imrohoroglu and Kumar (2004) | Analyzes how managerial ability―the ability to run risky projects―can increase TFP | Implies that countries with more high-ability managers use more risky projects and have higher productivity |
| Castellani, D & Giovannetti, G. [15] | 1998-2000 and 2001-2003 | Italy | OLS, OP, LP semi parametric method and fixed effects and random Effects model | Investigates whether higher use of knowledge workers such as R & D, managerial and clerical workers can explains some of the TFP premium | Managers complements in the productivity of multinational firms |
| Majumdar, R.; Bala Subrahmanya, M. H. [27] | 1998-2008 | India | Cobb Douglas Production Function | Analyses the influence of operational management decisions on technical efficiency (TE) and technological progress (TP) and thus TFP | The decision may impact TP but not TE. Asset utilization, vertical integration can improve TP and TE |
| Unel, B. [23] | 1949-2005 | United States | Cobb Douglas Production function approach | Analyzes time paths of the efficiencies of skilled and unskilled labor in a production framework where skilled and unskilled labor are imperfect substitutes | Although skilled labor efficiency has a strong upward trend, no evidence was found in its growth rate to accelerate the new skilled-biased technologies |