Group of countries

Exponent μ (Equation (8))

Slope m (Equation (9))

43 European countries

0.3393

0.0186

31 EEA countries

0.3451

0.0135

28 EU countries

0.3476

0.0136

19 EZ countries

0.3047

0.0164

12 non-EU TCEE countries

−0.0240

0.0101