Latent Variables

Multivariate Normality Tests

Outliers

D² Critical Value (df)*

Mardia’s Skew*

Mardia’s Kurtosis*

Doornik-Hansen (df)*

Energy Test*

Henze-Zirkler*

SPANE-8 (k = 8)

10

26.13 (8)

417.01

24.25

78.92 (16)

6.39

2.52

MLQ (k = 10)

0

29.59 (10)

2365.81

59.27

896.17 (20)

21.55

5.78

AHS (k = 8)

29

26.13 (8)

1397.50

52.18

556.44 (16)

17.80

4.65

LOT-R (k = 6)

12

22.46 (6)

495.31

19.37

208.17 (12)

7.34

3.37

SWLS (k = 5)

13

20.52 (5)

448.83

24.24

111.44 (10)

13.10

5.67

Measurement Model (k = 21) ^a

40

46.80 (21)

6648.90

80.67

462.114 (42)

2472.32

1.23