Data Analytics and Data Mining (technique)

Those technologies enable the analysis and identification of anomalies and the recognition of patterns within large volumes of data. This technique is widely employed in investigation processes conducted during both internal and external audits. It also facilitates the detection of fund misappropriation, financial irregularities, and suspicious transactions.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)

AI operates by learning from actions, behaviors, and assumptions presented and utilized by users of specific services, devices, or developers. As such, it effectively identifies patterns used in illicit activities, such as embezzlement of public funds, suspicious transactions, and financial irregularities. This involves algorithms for analyzing behavioral patterns, along with the potential utilization of chatbots, also known as virtual assistants, to facilitate anonymous reporting in cases of corruption.

Machine learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence that gives systems the ability to learn and optimize processes without having to be consistently programmed.

Blockchain

This tool ensures immutability and transparency in transaction records, which can be utilized in tracking the use of public resources and accounting records. Similarly, it helps ensure the integrity of contracts, bids, and prevents the manipulation of data and information.

Open Data and Transparency

These tools serve to enable the provision of public data to the population, thereby ensuring governmental transparency and social control over public expenditures and actions. This makes it more difficult to conceal practices related to corruption.

Public Expenditure Monitoring Platforms

These platforms encompass digital tools that facilitate the stages of data recording and its publication, whether publicly or privately, enabling the continuous monitoring of public expenditures. This enhances the identification of misappropriation of public funds, deviations, and fraud, while also increasing the accountability of managers and public officials for illicit practices.