Mannitol concentration

0.0 M

0.1 M

0.3 M

0.5 M

Dl in intact strips (mm)

1.9 ± 0.15

1.3 ± 0.1

1.0 ± 0.1

0.25 ± 0.1

Dl in mesophyll strips (mm)

2.4 ± 0.15

1.6 ± 0.3

0.8 ± 0.1

0.25 ± 0.1

Angle, after removal of one epidermis

370˚ ± 6˚

310˚ ± 13˚

180˚ ± 7˚

32˚ ± 8˚