| Criteria | Groups | N | The contact between children and their parents, family members | |
|
| Mean (SD) | t, F, p | ||
| Sex | Male | 194 | 1.30 (1.11) | t (380) = −0.18, p = 0.85 |
| Female | 188 | 1.28 (1.17) | ||
| Age | From 6 to 11 years old | 106 | 1.17 (1.01) | F (2,379) = 1.60, p = 0.20 |
| From 12 to 15 years old | 178 | 1.40 (1.19) | ||
| From 16 to 18 years old | 98 | 1.21 (1.18) | ||
| Care giving model | SOS Children’s Village | 117 | 1.06 (1.00) | F (3,378) = 15.00, p = 0.00 (3) > (1), p = 0.00 (3) > (2), p = 0.04 (3) > (4), p = 0.00 |
| Social Protection Centre | 100 | 1.39 (1.12) | ||
| Charitable house | 125 | 1.68 (1.20) | ||
| Pagoda | 40 | 0.47 (0.75) | ||
| Caregiver (before they came in residential care) | Children did not remember | 77 | 0.70 (0.98) | F(5,376) = 6.98, p = 0.00 (1) < (2), p = 0.00 (1) < (3), p = 0.00 (1) < (4), p = 0.02 (1) < (5), p = 0.00 (1) < (6), p = 0.00 |
| Father and mother | 127 | 1.44 (1.13) | ||
| Mother | 67 | 1.64 (1.20) | ||
| Father | 4 | 2.00 (0.81) | ||
| Parental/maternal grandparents | 89 | 1.22 (1.05) | ||
| Other center | 18 | 1.61 (1.24) | ||
| Total | 382 | 1.29 (1.14) | ||