| Study | Subclinical | Overt | TSH | Comment |
| NHANES III | 4.3% | 0.3% | 4.5 | |
| Colorado Thyroid Disease Prevalence | 8.5% | 0.4% | 5.0 | Abnormal thyroid function has multiple implications on public health |
| Framingham | 10 | Over age 60 years: 5.9% women; 2.3% men; 39% of whom had subnormal T4 | ||
| Whickham (UK) | 10 | 9.3% women; 1.2% men |