| Approaches Features | Class of Application Domains | Common Operations | Operations | Concrete Languages | Abstraction Level | Technology Support |
| Operational | OLTP | Read/Write | Select, Insert, Update, Delete, Join, OrderBy, GroupBy | SQL-DML | Logical, Physical | Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, IBM DB2 |
| Decision Support | OLAP | Read | Slice, Dice, Drill down, Drill up, Pivot | SQL-DML, MDX, XMLA | Logical, Physical | Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, IBM DB2, Microsoft OLAP Provider, Microsoft Analysis Services |
| Big Data | Batch-oriented processing | Read/Write | Map-Reduce, Select, Insert, Update, Delete, Load, Import, Export, OrderBy, GroupBy | Hive QL, Pig Latin | Logical, Physical | Hadoop, Hive Pig |
| Stream processing | Read/Write | Aggregate, Partition, Merge, Join, | SQL stream | Logical, Physical | Storm, S4, Spark | |
| OLTP | Read/Write | Select, Insert, Update, Delete, Batch, Get, OrderBy, GroupBy | CQL, Java, JavaScript | Logical, Physical | Cassandra, HBase | |
| Interactive ad-hoc queries and analysis | Read | Select, Insert, Update, Delete, OrderBy, GroupBy | SQL-DML | Logical, Physical | Drill |