Study

Tumor

Type

Number

Study Design

Injection

Site

Dose

ml

Waiting

Time

Laparoscopic

Indices

Cai et al. [13]

Colorectal

60

RCT

4-quadrant region around the mass

1

10 min

No

①④⑨

Zhang et al. [17]

Rectal

87

NRCT

Around the submucosa of the rectum

5

30 min

In 96% cases

①④

Wang et al. [18]

Rectal

152

NRCT

3 points around the submucosal layer of mass

0.5

1 day

in 97% cases

①②⑧

Yang et al. [12]

Colorectal

65

RCT

4 - 6 points around the mass

0.15 - 0.25

10 min

Yes

①②③④

Zhang et al. [16]

Colorectal

53

NRCT

4 points around the submucosal layer of mass

0.15 - 0.25

1 - 3 day

Yes

①②③④⑧

Wang et al. [15]

Colorectal

54

NRCT

4 points around the submucosal layer of mass

1

10 min

Yes

①⑤⑦⑧

Wang et al. [14]

Colorectal

470

NRCT

4 - 6 points around the mass

1

30 min

No

①②⑤⑦