4-h incubation

24-h incubation

Yang-invigorating herbal extracts

EC

105 ± 5.37

210 ± 9.85*

CR

94.4 ± 5.51

118 ± 2.41*

DR

100 ± 4.86

104 ± 4.51

CYH

101 ± 4.69

105 ± 6.04

CIH

95.6 ± 3.06

120 ± 6.92*

CS

101 ± 3.93

126 ± 7.86*

EH

99.9 ± 8.48

102 ± 4.46

MR

104 ± 1.68

114 ± 2.55*

Qi-invigorating herbal extracts

GR

93.9 ± 2.92

121 ± 0.61*

PR

106 ± 4.53

118 ± 1.67*

QR

112 ± 3.31*

143 ± 4.04*

CR

98.1 ± 4.51

129 ± 4.63*

ASR

114 ± 5.17*

114 ± 2.29*

ATR

106 ± 3.42

179 ± 5.13*

JF

103 ± 4.99

115 ± 6.81*

FR

117 ± 4.86*

146 ± 12.7*

DOR

106 ± 8.28

113 ± 5.74*