Group

Sham

(n = 12)

Model

(n = 12)

Prevention

(n = 12)

Cornus officinalis Total Glycosides

(n = 12)

Cornus polysaccharides

(n = 12)

GSK-3β

6.90 ± 0.83

4.69 ± 0.72^a

4.46 ± 0.88^a

5.08 ± 0.72

5.98 ± 0.42^abcd