made change after an action (Visibility) | 0 | 4 | 2.11 | 0.163 | 1.083 | 1.173 |
User model matches system image (Match) | 0 | 4 | 1.91 | 0.186 | 1.235 | 1.526 |
Actions provided by the system match actions performed by users (Match) | 0 | 4 | 1.93 | 0.164 | 1.087 | 1.181 |
Objects on the system match objects of the task (Match) | 0 | 4 | 2.11 | 0.204 | 1.351 | 1.824 |
Less is more (Minimalist) | 0 | 4 | 2.14 | 0.164 | 1.091 | 1.190 |
Simple is not equivalent to abstract (Minimalist) | 0 | 4 | 2.11 | 0.176 | 1.166 | 1.359 |
Simple is efficient (Minimalist) | 0 | 4 | 2.14 | 0.171 | 1.133 | 1.283 |
Progressive levels of detail (Minimalist) | 0 | 4 | 2.25 | 0.203 | 1.349 | 1.820 |
Perceptual procedures (Memory) | 0 | 4 | 2.20 | 0.194 | 1.286 | 1.655 |
Hierarchical structure (Memory) | 0 | 4 | 2.30 | 0.183 | 1.212 | 1.469 |
Default values (Memory) | 0 | 4 | 2.18 | 0.201 | 1.334 | 1.780 |
Concrete examples (Memory) | 0 | 4 | 1.98 | 0.231 | 1.532 | 2.348 |
Generic rules and actions (Memory) | 0 | 4 | 2.11 | 0.182 | 1.205 | 1.452 |
Information directly perceived, interpreted, and evaluated (Feedback) | 0 | 4 | 2.14 | 0.183 | 1.212 | 1.469 |
Levels of feedback (Feedback) | 0 | 4 | 2.32 | 0.168 | 1.116 | 1.245 |
Concrete and specific (Feedback) | 0 | 4 | 2.02 | 0.144 | 0.952 | 0.906 |
Appropriate Response Time (Feedback) | 0 | 4 | 2.23 | 0.152 | 1.008 | 1.017 |
Shortcuts for experienced users (Flexibility) | 0 | 4 | 2.32 | 0.189 | 1.253 | 1.571 |
Shortcuts for frequently used operations. (Flexibility) | 0 | 4 | 2.39 | 0.196 | 1.298 | 1.684 |
Skill acquisition through chunking (Flexibility) | 0 | 4 | 2.02 | 0.191 | 1.267 | 1.604 |
Phrased in clear language (Message) | 0 | 4 | 2.14 | 0.199 | 1.322 | 1.748 |
Precise, not vague or general (Message) | 0 | 4 | 2.34 | 0.189 | 1.256 | 1.579 |
Constructive (Message) | 0 | 4 | 2.02 | 0.167 | 1.110 | 1.232 |
Polite (Message) | 0 | 4 | 2.00 | 0.166 | 1.100 | 1.209 |
Interfaces that make errors impossible (Error) | 0 | 4 | 1.75 | 0.181 | 1.203 | 1.448 |
Avoid modes (Error) | 0 | 4 | 1.57 | 0.193 | 1.283 | 1.646 |
Sound Experience (Error) | 0 | 4 | 1.98 | 0.177 | 1.171 | 1.372 |
Execution error vs. evaluation error (Error) | 0 | 4 | 1.86 | 0.180 | 1.193 | 1.423 |
Various types of slips and mistakes (Error) | 0 | 4 | 1.80 | 0.183 | 1.212 | 1.469 |
Clear beginning, middle, and end (Closure) | 0 | 4 | 2.05 | 0.184 | 1.219 | 1.486 |
Complete 7-stages of actions (Closure) | 0 | 4 | 2.16 | 0.159 | 1.055 | 1.114 |
Clear feedback to indicate goals are achieved (Closure) | 0 | 4 | 1.95 | 0.187 | 1.238 | 1.533 |
At different levels: a single action, a subtask, or a complete task. (Undo) | 0 | 4 | 1.98 | 0.158 | 1.045 | 1.092 |
Multiple steps (Undo) | 0 | 4 | 2.09 | 0.165 | 1.096 | 1.201 |