Morphometric parameters

Unit

Formula

Reference

Linear aspect

Stream order (u)

-

Hierarchical rank

Strahler (1964) [15]

Stream number (Nu)

-

Stream length (Lu)

-

Length of the stream

Horton (1945) [32]

Mean stream length (Lsm)

km

Lu/Nu

Strahler (1964) [15]

Stream length ratio (RL)

Lu/Lu − 1

Horton (1945) [32]

Bifurcation ratio (Rb)

Nu/Nu + 1

Schumm (1956) [41]

Mean bifurcation ratio (Rbm)

Average of bifurcation ratios of all orders

Strahler (1957) [34]

Aerial aspect

Dainage density (Dd)

km/km2

Lu/A

Horton (1932) [45]

Stream frequency (Fs)

Nu/A

Horton (1932) [45]

Drainage texture (Dt)

Nu/P

Horton 1945 [32]

Form factor (Rf)

A/Lb2

Horton (1932) [45]

Circulatory ratio (Rc)

12.57 A/P2

Miller (1953) [55]

Elongation ratio (Re)

1.128 A0.5/Lb or (2/Lb)*(A/pi)0.5

Schumm (1956) [41] , Nookaratnam et al. 2005 [44]

Infiltration number (If)

Dd*Fs (Drainage density* stream frequency)

Faniran (1968) [57]

Basin shape (Bs)

Lb2/basin area (A) (basin length)

Horton (1945) [32]

Length of overland flow (Lg)

km

1/2 of reciprocal of dd or 1/2 Dd

Horton (1945) [32]

Drainage Intensity (Di)

Fs/Dd

Faniran (1968) [57]

Constant of Channel Maintenance (C )

km−2

1/Dd

Schumm (1956) [41]

Relief aspect

Basin relief (R)

m

H-h (max elevation-min elevation)

Strahler (1952) [9]

Relief ratio

R/Lb (basin relief/max length of basin)

Schumm (1956) [41]

Ruggedness number (Rn)

drainage density*basin relief/1000

Patton (1988) [47]

Morphotectonic and geomorphic indices

Assynetry factor (Af-factor)

(Ar/At)*100

Hare and Gardner (1985) [63]

Sinuosity index

Curvilinear/straight distance of river

_