| Independent variables | R2 = 0.240, F = 11.14, p < 0.001 | ||
| β | S.E. | p | |
| Age | 0.436 | 0.281 | 0.122 |
| Marital status | 0.267 | 0.281 | 0.342 |
| Education level | 0.503 | 0.256 | <0.05 |
| Self-efficacy | 0.221 | 0.040 | <0.001 |
| Vigor (WE) | 0.250 | 0.095 | <0.01 |
| Dedication (WE) | −0.021 | 0.094 | 0.826 |
| Absorption (WE) | −0.031 | 0.091 | 0.733 |