Nanocatalyst types (NC)

Way to use

Nanomaterials shape

Properties

Ref.

Pt

Pt/C

nanoparticles

High prices and high stability

[62] [63] [64] [65]

Bi-component alloys based onto Pt

Pt-Co/C, Pt-Cr/C, Pt-Fe/C,

Pt-Ir/C, Pt-Mn/C, Pt-Mo/C,

Pt-Ni/C, Pt-Pd/C, Pt-Rh/C,

Pt-Ru/C, Pt-W/C

Nanoparticles

(d = 4.5 - 8.5 nm), nanofoams, nanodendryts nanotetrahedrs, nanocrystals, nanofilms, frusto-octahedron nanoparticles

Low price, relatively low stability

[73] [74] [75] [76] [77]

Three-component alloys based onto Pt

Pt-Ru/Al4, Pt-Ru-Cr/C,

Pt-Ru-Mn/C, Pt-Ru-Co,

Pt-Ru-Nb/C, Pt-Ru-Ni/C, Pt-Ru-Pd/C, Pt-Ru-Rh/C, Pt-Ru-W/C, Pt-Ru-Zr/C, Pt-Re-(MgH2)

Nanoparticles, nanofilms, nanowires

Low price, high durability under special conditions

[78] [79] [80]

Alloys non Pt-catalyst

Au-Pd/C

Nanoparticles

Low price, un-exhausted resources, relatively low activity

[81]