animal	Age/weight	Inciting factors	Induced time	The histologic	Special change
Male Sprague-Dawley rats [76]	6 weeks	inject 15 mg/100g warfarin twice a day + 1.5 mg vitamin K1/100 g per day or one half of this dose.	1, 2, 3, 4, 5 weeks	Calcification of the elastic plate layer (Coronary, aortic valves, hilus arteriesa, pulmonary arteries), Mineralization of abdominal aorta, carotid artery and aorta	Tissue calcium and MGP mRNA↑, serum calcium, phosphorus levels, bone growth constant
male Sprague-Dawley rats [148]	8 weeks, weight 250 - 280 g	treated with warfarin (20 mg/kg/d) and subcutaneous injection of vitamin K (15 mg/kg/d ) on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28.	4 weeks	Aortic root and aortic valve mineralization	heart rate↓, hemodynamic changes
Male Wistar rats [149]	weight 200g		4 weeks	Mineralization(Aortic root and apex, aortic wall and heart apex), Apoptotic cells in apex of aorta↑	hemodynamic changes, The main thoracic calcification PMV↑↑, TPTVV↑
male C57/Bl6 mice [86]	8 weeks	250 mg/kg/d warfarin and 30 mg/kg/d vitamin K1	4 weeks	Obvious calcium deposition (aortic valve)	Not know
DBA/2Nchr mice [87]	after birth	1) 0.03 mg/g warfarin + 1.5 mg/g vitaminK1	1, 4, 7 weeks	“3 mg” group: most obvious calcification(myocardial tissue, aortic tissue), MGP mRNA is the lowest, osteopontin is the highest	SBP, Ca, P, CRP and BUN no change, PWV, TPTVV, AVPG↑ (0.3 mg most), t-ucMGP 0.3 mg (the highest)
		2) 0.3 mg/g warfarin + 1.5 mg/g vitamin K1
		3) 3 mg/g warfarin + 1.5 mg/g vitaminK1
ApoE-/- mice [83]	10 weeks	WTD (0.25% cholesterol and 15% cocoa butter), WTD + VitK1 (1.5 mg/g food) + warfarin (3.0 mg/g food)	12 weeks + 1, 4 weeks	Thoracic aorta calcium levels, Endometrial calcification plaque and Calcified nodule area↑	PC, Ca, P and weight no change, carboxylated MGP↓↓, uncarboxylated MGP↑, plaque apoptosis↑, VSMC loss
ApoE-/- mice [84]	8weeks	WTD + vitK1 (1.5 mg/g food), 3 mg VKA warfarin (V/K1 diet)	8 weeks + 8 weeks	Calcium accumulation in the aortic valve↑↑	weight, plasma lipid, Ca, P (no significant differences), Atherosclerosis and ALP activity was similar.