Dependent: grit

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

D1

−1.015***

−1.159***

−0.497***

−0.247**

−0.230*

−0.299**

−0.304***

(0.205)

(0.168)

(0.112)

(0.120)

(0.115)

(0.110)

(0.110)

L.lny

−7.115*

−7.513**

(3.554)

(3.446)

lni/gdp

−0.366*

(0.183)

lnyit−4

−8.915***

−8.663***

(1.080)

(1.130)

lniw/gdpw

−0.413

(0.328)

Constant

9.921***

10.00***

9.783***

85.46**

89.98**

104.3***

101.5***

(0.153)

(0.247)

(0.0696)

(38.04)

(36.88)

(11.45)

(12.01)

Region fixed effect

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Time fixed effect

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Observations

279

279

279

248

248

279

279

R-squared

0.082

0.22

0.496

0.593

0.601

0.568

0.570