Comparison with TD group
Comparison between diagnostic groups
ASD vs. TD
ASD + ADHD vs. TD
ADHD vs. TD
ASD vs. ADHD
ASD vs. ASD + ADHD
ADHD vs. ASD + ADHD
F
p value
F
p value
F
p value
F
p value
F
p value
F
p value
Attention and Executive Functions
46.09
≤.001
.517
34.41
≤.001
.456
9.42
≤.01
,132
19.88
≤.001
.284
.001
.975
.000
16.83
≤.001
.260
Tower
12.06
≤.001
.219
17.92
≤.001
.304
3.42
.069
.052
5.01
.030
.091
.009
.927
.000
7.30
.009
.132
Auditory Attention & Response Set
31.61
≤.001
.424
26.71
≤.001
.395
7.57
.008
.109
15.18
≤.001
.233
.037
.848
.001
15.08
≤.001
.239
-Auditory Attention
21.95
≤.001
.338
21.27
≤.001
.342
2.29
.135
.036
12.64
≤.001
.202
.008
.928
.000
13.38
.001
.218
-Response Set
28.29
≤.001
.397
26.76
≤.001
.395
13.21
≤.001
.176
12.05
≤.001
.194
.071
7.92
.002
13.51
.001
.220
Visual Attention
21.56
≤.001
.334
12.18
≤.001
.229
5.10
.027
.076
7.35
.009
.128
1.36
.252
.045
3.06
.087
.060
Statue
22.25
≤.001
.341
8.38
.006
.170
0.42
.517
.007
21.39
≤.001
.300
0.98
.329
.033
7.69
.008
.138
Design Fluency
28.07
≤.001
.395
25.17
≤.001
.380
3.03
.087
.047
9.94
.003
.166
.004
.950
.000
9.47
.003
.165
Knock & Tap
18.18
≤.001
.297
19.84
≤.001
.326
12.70
≤.001
.170
6.75
.012
.119
0.11
.742
.004
8.79
.005
.155
-Knock & Tap-part 1
9.99
.003
.189
16.65
≤.001
.289
13.64
≤.001
.180
1.89
.175
.036
0.46
.501
.016
5.61
.022
.105
-Knock & Tap-part 2
20.28
≤.001
.321
17.97
≤.001
.305
6.98
.010
.101
9.77
.003
.163
.001
.975
.000
9.21
.004
.161
Language
37.29
≤.001
.464
32.70
≤.001
.444
10.80
≤.01
.148
11.53
≤.01
.187
0.73
.398
.025
7.60
≤.01
.137
Phonological Processing
14.93
≤.001
.258
13.78
≤.001
.252
4.97
.029
.074
7.71
.008
.134
0.01
.922
.000
6.62
.013
.121
Speeded Naming
26.77
≤.001
.384
27.64
≤.001
.403
10.57
.002
.146
4.40
.041
.081
.023
.881
.001
5.13
.028
.097
Comprehension of Instructions
92.08
≤.001
.682
48.61
≤.001
.542
16.34
≤.001
.209
17.64
≤.001
.261
1.45
.238
.048
6.30
.015
.116
Repetition of Nonsense Words
4.44
.041
.094
2.70
.108
.062
0.34
.562
.005
1.43
.237
.028
0.67
.419
.023
.51
.479
.011
Verbal Fluency
32.60
≤.001
.431
13.33
≤.001
.245
2.94
.091
.045
17.81
≤.001
.263
3.09
.089
.097
5.54
.023
.103
Verbal Fluency-Semantic
35.80
≤.001
.454
17.58
≤.001
.300
2.00
.162
.031
17.11
≤.001
.255
1.98
.170
.064
7.148
.010
.130
Verbal Fluency-Phonemic
12.41
≤.001
.224
2.38
0.13
.055
3.86
.054
.059
8.28
.006
.142
4.41
.045
.132
.459
.501
.009
Oromotor Sequences
21.47
≤.001
.333
19.91
≤.001
.327
11.66
.001
.158
4.61
.037
.084
0.24
.627
.008
3.31
.075
.064
Comprehension of Sentence Structure
17.34
≤.001
.287
15.28
≤.001
.272
4.12
.047
.062
8.34
.006
.143
.075
.786
.003
7.21
.010
.131
Visuospatial Processing
12.91
≤.01
.231
21.81
≤.001
.347
3.82
.055
.058
2.04
.159
.039
.859
.362
.029
6.59
.013
.121
Design Copying
6.65
.013
.134
10.59
.002
.205
1.15
.287
.018
2.12
.152
.041
.463
.501
.016
5.41
.024
.101
Arrows
20.06
≤.001
.318
23.19
≤.001
.361
10.84
.002
.149
2.93
.093
.055
.062
.805
.002
3.03
.088
.059
Block Construction
7.27
.010
.145
11.89
≤.001
.225
4.45
.039
.067
1.13
.292
.022
.688
.414
.023
3.75
.058
.073
Route Finding
2.74
.105
.060
5.72
.021
.123
0.75
.390
.012
0.59
.445
.012
.271
.607
.009
2.07
.157
.041
Visual Recognition
.029
.866
.001
5.14
.029
.111
0.55
.461
.009
0.02
.882
.000
2.59
.118
.082
3.75
.059
.073
Sensorimotor Functions
23.75
≤.001
.356
20.54
≤.001
.334
6.38
.014
.093
9.49
≤.01
.160
.006
.938
.000
11.76
≤.001
.197
Fingertip Tapping
17.04
≤.001
.284
16.73
≤.001
.290
2.89
.094
.045
7.19
.010
.126
.000
.986
.000
9.88
.003
.171
Imitating Hand Positions
11.53
≤.001
.212
11.33
.002
.217
0.27
.603
.004
9.207
.004
.156
.050
.825
.002
11.04
.002
.187