2SLS

2SLS

2SLS

1^st Stage

2^nd Stage

1^st Stage

2^nd Stage

1^st Stage

2^nd Stage

[1]

[2]

[3]

Testing group

-

−0.122

-

−0.441

-

−1.291**

-

(0.312)

-

(0.434)

-

(0.544)

General education

0.215***

-

0.214***

-

0.214***

-

(0.054)

-

(0.054)

-

(0.055)

-

Constant

0.408

2.232***

0.408

3.017***

0.410

1.457*

(0.271)

(0.645)

(0.271)

(0.597)

(0.270)

(0.804)

Controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Country fixed effects?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Observations

205

205

205

205

206

206

F-statistic

15.59

-

15.59

-

15.40

-